Bufferbloat is a phenomenon where excessive buffering in network devices causes high latency and jitter during periods of network congestion. This can lead to poor performance for real-time applications like video calls, online gaming, and VoIP.

The RRUL (Realtime Response Under Load) test measures how your network performs when it's under load. It does this by running multiple simultaneous upload and download streams while measuring the latency.

The test measures your network's performance in several key areas:

• Download Speed: Your connection's download bandwidth in Mbps.
• Upload Speed: Your connection's upload bandwidth in Mbps.
• Unloaded Latency: The round-trip time (ping) when your network is idle.
• Loaded Latency: The round-trip time when your network is under load.

The Bufferbloat Grade is calculated based on the difference between your unloaded and loaded latency:

• A+: Less than 15ms increase (Excellent)
• A: 15-50ms increase (Very Good)
• B: 50-100ms increase (Good)
• C: 100-300ms increase (Acceptable)
• D: 300-500ms increase (Poor)
• F: More than 500ms increase (Very Poor)

If you received a poor grade, here are some steps you can take to reduce bufferbloat:

• Enable Smart Queue Management (SQM) or Quality of Service (QoS) on your router
• Look for settings like fq_codel, CAKE, or Fair Queuing
• Set your bandwidth limits slightly below your actual speeds
• Consider upgrading to a router with better SQM support
• Check for firmware updates for your networking equipment